Concurrency handling can be used to maintain data integrity and data consistency when multiple users access the same resource concurrently. Concurrency violations can occur when you have ...

There are two important, yet different aspects of integrity with respect to databases: database structure integrity and semantic data integrity. Ensuring that each database object is created, ...

Occasionally one sees an entity-relationship diagram (ERD) having an unusual characteristic. The unusual element is an entity (or more than one) that seems to have a relationship with every other ...