Learn why the geometric mean is preferred for portfolio returns and how it offers deeper insights into financial performance that the arithmetic mean.

Discover how to calculate covariance to assess stock relationships and optimize your portfolio, balancing risk and potential ...

When you think about your 401(k), one of the first questions that comes to mind is: How much is it actually growing? On average, 401(k) returns typically fall between 5% and 8% annually, depending on ...

Speaking of the longer term, investors can adopt a lower turnover version of the high-yield portfolio, which gained an average of 14.9 per cent annually over the 26 years to the end of January, 2026, ...